Intangible Assets Management and Evaluation Essay

Elusive Assets Management and Evaluation - Essay Example The current exploration has recognized that ID of an impalpable resource is conceivable in the event that it accomplishes a particular model. The standards utilized in the acknowledgment of these advantages include an exhibit by the element that the thing meets the laid out meaning of an immaterial resource and the acknowledgment models. Impalpable resources that meet the important rules are quantifiable at cost, therefore estimated at cost or utilizing the revaluation model and amortized on an efficient premise over their helpful lives. In any case, immaterial resources with inconclusive helpful life are not amortized. Instances of advantages that may stay named impalpable things incorporate trademarks, licenses, angling licenses, and PC programming and import obligations. A benefit is recognizable when it is transferrable independently, leased, traded or authorized. An immaterial resource is conspicuous if there exist likelihood of expected future financial advantages identified wi th the benefit will stream and substance or cost of the benefit that is quantifiable dependably. Frequently, it is confounded how impalpable resources can be named non-money related while esteeming them in the budget reports. In the definition, things, for example, money, bank stores, and exchange receivables are fiscal resources and remain prohibited. Likewise, brand picture and generosity are elusive resources occurrences that need separate distinguishing proof before incorporation as business resources. Where there exists outer procurement of altruism and brands, their expense and presence stay recognized and promoted. Inside created altruism isn't unmistakable as a benefit since it isn't recognizable from the business. Additionally, altruism doesn't emerge from authoritative or other legitimate rights. Its expense can't stay estimated dependably.

Social Class and Inequality

Presentation There are a few perspectives that the working class and the rich have towards poor people. These perspectives come from the conviction that the world is a simply spot and individuals get what they merit. On the off chance that one buckles down enough and continues on the individual in question will be rich. In any case, the destitute individual is in that state as a result of poor choices, for example, impropriety, wrongdoing and liquor addiction, absence of desire and perseverance.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Social Class and Inequality explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More These negative mentalities have made the white collar class and the rich separation themselves from poor people. The generalizing of the poor is the beginning of class separation. Poor people have been avoided as the remainder of the country goes on with their lives. In this paper, I break down three articles on social class and disparity to see if the authors ’ sees concur with mine on the negative perspectives towards the poor by the white collar class and the rich and the manner in which they have separated themselves from poor people. The war against the poor Herbert Hans, in his article the war against the poor rather than projects to end neediness is contending that administration authorities are not tending to destitution however rather making life hard for poor people. Government assistance costs have consistently been little anyway the spending plan is turning out to be increasingly prohibitive. Poor people are being blamed for getting a charge out of government assistance as opposed to searching for a vocation and ensuring they stay childless all through their youthfulness. The white collar class and the rich feel they are buckling down and the poor are definitely not. These destitute individuals are lumped along with the hoodlums and blamed for making the lanes perilous. The poor have become a reason or substitute for th e issues in the public eye. Rather than conceding the decrease in ethical quality, the poor are blamed for being the main ones with unmarried sweethearts. When they get their life all together then they can get government assistance. They are being compelled to satisfy moral hopes that the common laborers and the rich talk however don't rehearse (Hans, 2007, pg 506). Obviously class dogmatism should be tended to. The poor have moral failings that are exceptionally observable than the white collar class yet it doesn't mean it is at a higher extent. The rich and working class approach guiding offices to reveal to them their ethical failings is because of earlier maltreatment or disease.Advertising Looking for exposition on sociologies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The poor would prefer not to wed the dads of their infants as they are jobless. There is really shortage of work; it isn't accurate that the poor would prefer not t o work. The administration should address destitution through effectively captivating in work creation activities and guaranteeing the real wrongdoing of the poor doesn't fall beneath a specific rate. Investigate The author’s sees on class segregation concur with my perspectives. He agrees that passing judgment on the poor cruelly for their ethical failings and the capacity to make sure about a vocation isn't right. The white collar class and the rich additionally have moral failings and the working class has likewise been encountering joblessness as occupations are rare. Wrongdoing and psychological maladjustments ought to be seen as a portion of the impacts of destitution. It isn't that poor people and for the most part the Blacks have higher criminal inclinations. The white collar class and the rich to quit oppressing poor people and having somebody to fault. The creator has likewise featured different worries that I concur with. Hans says that the administration, lawmaker s and open are making life harder for poor people. I concur with Hans that the emphasis ought to be on making of employments for poor people. On the off chance that the nation doesn't quit assaulting poor people, the confidence, personal satisfaction and financial intensity will just go down. Center of the class The article Middle of the class distributed in the Economists is a factious bit of composing that addresses the supportability of the American Dream. America has consistently been characterized as a nation where anybody can get rich or affluent on the off chance that they simply buckle down. Shows like American Idol demonstrate this. The nation has had presidents from humble foundations like Benjamin Franklin who was the fifteenth offspring of a flame producer. Anyway the balance of chance in America for every one of its residents is quickly reducing. The creator gives the factual figures on how the rich have gotten more extravagant while the poor have become significantly m ore unfortunate extending the pay hole much more. Besides social versatility has gone down. A lower and lower level of individuals can change the social class they are in through increment in income over a time of ten years.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Social Class and Inequality explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There have likewise been changes in the economy with a move towards specialized abilities requiring laborers who have a college degree. This has caused a high increment of the pay hole among school and secondary school graduates. It has gotten hard to ascend the professional bureaucracy or change occupations on the off chance that one doesn't have a college degree. The creator proposes that the American culture is turning into an instructive defined society as such a meritocracy. The ascent in college training is additionally giving an obstacle to white collar class families to go to tip top colleges. The portrayal of the wealthy in these tip top colleges has expanded more than the portrayal of poor people. The mean pay of the families that have selected their youngsters in Harvard is $150,000(The Economist, 2007, pg 528). During the period 2001-2004, States wound up confronting a spending press. They reacted by expanding the expenses of state universities where the white collar class take their kids to learn. This demonstrates the American framework is authorizing more salary imbalances through instructive contrasts. The rich youngsters are bound to get a degree than a kid from the base quarter pay level. There is additionally a stressing pattern in the general public that further disturbs class and instructive delineation. The odds of an individual gaining admittance to decent instruction, a great job and great possibilities in life is dictated by the family the individual is naturally introduced to. School graduates will in general wed school graduates. Hence in the alumni home the profits of the degree is twofold and their kids advantage considerably more with chances to go to better schools. There is in this way extraordinary difficulty in being poor. In the event that in the American culture to be socially versatile you should have extraordinary training, work and wedded with kids then the rich beginning off with higher favorable circumstances. There should be arrangement changes where the strategy by which schools are financed is changed and giving progressively government help to less fortunate universities. This will possibly happen when the American government officials and the general population perceive there is a problem.Advertising Searching for article on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Evaluate The creator, similar to Hans agrees with my contention that poor people are being judged too brutally in the public arena. The explanation the poor can't bolster themselves isn't that they are sluggish or need aspiration. Or maybe there is an impediment on the uniformity of chance with regards to the working class and the poor in the corporate world. The nation is being influenced by globalization and innovation changes; in this manner the prerequisite of a degree is getting obligatory. On the off chance that the stuff to prevail in the American corporate society is the fulfillment of a degree then the legislature ought to guarantee that youngsters from every social foundation approach this sort of training. Making instruction costs high doesn't help poor people and working class by any means. It just goes to bother the existent imbalances between the rich and poor people. As the creator has given measurements, over the most recent couple of years the rich have been getting more extravagant and the poor getting more unfortunate. The administration needs to step in and address the circumstance. At the point when Shelter Feels Like a Prison The two articles described on the generalizations held by society towards poor people while the article in the Economist examines the broadening hole between the rich and poor people. The two papers center around poor people. The third article composed by Charmion Brown recounts the author’s encounters experiencing childhood in a destitute sanctuary. The genuine story further fortifies my contention on the separating of the poor by society. Considering her direct encounters in the spot she believes she can just analyze it a jail. Above all else, the spot is confined with four lofts fitted in each little room (Browne, 2007, pg 531). There is positively no protection. One needs to deal with their things or they will be taken. There is a line for nourishment for the destitute. The creator discovered that in the ev ent that you don't make the line two hours before the kitchen is open, one would miss food. There are no blinds in the washrooms yet the office is being shared by more than one hundred individuals. The creator felt like the spot was a jail. Scrutinize The author’s encounters in the safe house affirm my perspectives on the relinquishment of poor people and destitute in the sanctuaries. The creator describes how the social specialists are uncommon and lack the capacity to deal with them. It is a jail. The legislature and open needs to quit deserting the sanctuaries. The day to day environments should be improved. In my contention I had advanced the presumptions society has concerning the needy individuals. They are not fruitful in light of the fact that they are lethargic. The creator alerts society and illuminates them that there were individuals from broken homes in the asylum because of medication misuse, AIDS and early pregnancy and not on the grounds that they are apatheti c. The poor additionally need information on the most proficient method to improve their lives. End The three articles have gone further to fortify my contention on t

Paranoid Personality Disorder Symptoms and Treatment

Paranoid Personality Disorder Symptoms and Treatment Theories Personality Psychology Print Paranoid Personality Disorder By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 23, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 05, 2020 PeopleImages / DigitalVision / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Paranoid personality disorder is a chronic and pervasive condition characterized by disruptive patterns of thought, behavior, and functioning. This disorder is thought to affect between 1.21 to 4.4% of U.S. adults. ?? Individuals with paranoid personality disorder are at a greater risk of experiencing depression, substance abuse, and agoraphobia. Symptoms Individuals with paranoid personality disorder typically experience symptoms that interfere with daily life.?? In general, people with this condition feel suspicious of others. While this mistrust is unfounded, their distrust of others makes it difficult to form relationships and can interfere with many aspects of life including at home, at school, and at work. People with PPD do not see their behaviors as out of the ordinary but are perceived by others as hostile and suspicious. The primary characteristic of this condition is a chronic and pervasive distrust and suspicion of others. Other symptoms of paranoid personality disorder include: Feelings that they are being lied to, deceived, or exploited by other peopleMay believe that friends, family, and romantic partners are untrustworthy and unfaithfulOutbursts of anger in response to perceived deceptionOften described as cold, jealous, secretive, and seriousOverly controlling in relationships in order to avoid being exploited or manipulatedLook for hidden meanings in gestures and conversationsFind it difficult to relaxOften hold negative views of other peopleOverly sensitive to criticismOverreacts in response to perceived criticism The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM5) specifies that in addition to having symptoms of pervasive suspicion and distrust, a diagnosis of PPD requires that these symptoms must not be related to a psychotic episode associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depressive disorder with psychotic features. Causes While the exact causes of PDD are not known, it is believed that both genetics and psychological factors play a role. There is also likely a strong genetic component since a family history of schizophrenia is considered a risk factor for paranoid personality disorder. Childhood experiences and trauma may also play a part in the development of the condition.?? Treatment Paranoid personality disorder is generally treated with psychotherapy. With ongoing treatment and appropriate support, people with this condition can manage their symptoms and function more effectively in daily life. However, people who have PPD may not seek treatment for their condition, usually because they do not feel that they have a problem. To those with PPD, their suspicions of others are justified and it is other people who are the problem. The distrust and paranoia that characterizes the condition also make it difficult for people with PPD to trust their doctors and therapists.?? This can make it challenging for healthcare professionals to establish a therapeutic rapport with the individual. Psychotherapy Treatments for PPD usually focus on helping people develop coping skills. Therapy often focuses on building empathy, trust, communication, self-esteem, social relationships, communication skills, and general coping abilities. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is often effective in helping individuals adjust distorted thought patterns and maladaptive behaviors.?? Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapeutic treatment that helps patients understand the thoughts and feelings that influence behaviors. During the course of treatment, people learn how to identify and change destructive or disturbing thought patterns that have a negative influence on behavior. Ingrained paranoid beliefs and maladaptive thoughts play a role in maintaining paranoid personality disorder, which is why addressing these thoughts and beliefs through CBT can be helpful.??  CBT may help people with PPD become better able to trust others. By challenging maladaptive thoughts and working to change harmful behaviors, people with this condition may become less suspicious of others, including friends and family, which can improve relationships and social interactions.   In addition to addressing harmful thoughts and beliefs, CBT also works to help people with PPD better manage their responses to others. Rather than responding to comments with anger or hostility, for example, people can learn more appropriate ways of dealing with their emotions. Medication While medication is not usually used to treat paranoid personality disorder, but may be used in cases where symptoms are severe or if an associated condition such as depression or anxiety is also present. Prescribed drugs included antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anti-anxiety medications. ?? Medications alone are not a recommended treatment for personality disorders and are best used in combination with psychotherapy. A Word From Verywell While paranoid personality disorder is one of the more common personality disorders, there is a lack of research on effective treatments, due in part to the reluctance of those with the condition to participate in treatment and research.?? Those who are able to develop a successful therapeutic relationship can learn to manage their symptoms and have more successful relationships with others. Get Treatment From the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Cyber Security An Analysis - 2290 Words

CYBER SECURITY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS 2 Cyber Security An Analysis of the Methods to Prevent a Cyber Attacks by Public Organizations Submitted by Pierrechrist Ekue-Hettah GPA 8061, Hamline University Chris Owens, Instructor 24, April 2016 Abstract Since 2000, internet use has rapidly increased to more than 2.4 billion users worldwide, with 70% of those users using the World Wide Web every day (The Culturist, 2013).These days it simply takes minutes for news to travel around the globe. In the twenty first century, cyber security is an international topic. The threat of cyber warfare is existent and would be devastating beyond any weapon imaginable. With the entire world becoming more interconnected, a cyber-attack could: control information access, ground airplanes, hijack nuclear facilities, and perhaps most importantly, bring the global economy to a stop, creating mayhem from Wall Street to China, London, and Paris. What is different and challenging about cyber security is that it is not only relevant to just one nation like national defense or economic policy may be, but somewhat a global concern that requires a global response. This paper will investigate the significance and threat of cyber security locally and will give recommendations on how public organizations can prevent such attacks to sensitive data. This paper will address the important steps necessary for public organizations to develop and strengthen current cyber network security to 21stShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Cyber Security Industry Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of the Cyber Security Industry Cyber security is a fast-growing industry. With more and more persons using connected devices as part of their daily lives, there is an increasing need for security. Not only are individuals in need of cyber security solutions but also corporations and governments are acutely aware of the dangers of hacking. As a result of the need, the cyber security industry is expected to reach $170 billion by 2020 (Morgan 2015). To understand this industry, it is importantRead MoreCyber Security And Risk Analysis3342 Words   |  14 PagesAs a student pursuing a major in Security and Risk Analysis, also known as Cyber Security, it has been repeatedly drilled into my head how much potential the Internet has to change the ways in which people experience the external world in which we live, for better or for worse. The Internet, consisting of a gargantuan amount of data, is composed of more than 150 million websites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, blogs, or other virtual worlds such as Second Life. Su ch websites, made possible by the InternetRead MoreCyber Security Case Analysis961 Words   |  4 Pagespeople and policy and the perspective attach vectors, an impact assessment was completed and counter measures identified. The counter measures also addressed the areas of current weaknesses and emerging weaknesses in hopes to maintain a strong cyber security posture. For current technology vulnerability the outdated antivirus was used an example that pertains to all corporations to include Yahoo!, where malware can be introduced into the companies system. The attack vector for this vulnerabilityRead MoreAnalysis Of Cloud Computing And Cyber Security1695 Words   |  7 Pages CLOUD COMPUTING AND NETWORK SECURITY ISSUES(Z5140305) Executive Summary In this fast-paced technology era, organizations are always looking for new innovative ways to increase productivity and efficiency. One emerging technology adopted by many organisations is cloud computing. Cloud computing is a model that uses internet and remote servers for maintaining data and applications (Association of Modern Technologies Professionals 2017). It replaces expensive infrastructure and need of maintenanceRead MoreBotnet Detection And Analysis Of Cyber Security1681 Words   |  7 PagesDETECTION AND ANALYSIS. Introduction A botnet, otherwise known as â€Å"zombie army,† is a group of computers that are compromised or controlled often from a single source a human operator known as a â€Å"Botmaster,† and run related software programs or scripts [1]. In contrast with the previous malware, botnets have the characteristic of a command and control (C C) channel, and use existing common protocols, such as IRC and HTTP [1]. Botnets provide a distributed platform for many cyber-crimes suchRead MoreCyber Security Vulnerability : A Analysis On The Vulnerabilities As Well As The Uses Of Cyber Intrusions2396 Words   |  10 Pages Cyber security vulnerability Bryan States University of Maryland University College Professor CSEC 610 July 7, 2015 Introduction An analysis on the vulnerabilities as well as the use of cyber intrusions in an organizational network has become key for running businesses (Sengupta, Mazumdar Bagchi, 2011). Enterprises including academic facilities, government parastatals and manufacturing firms are started to carry out business. The organizations mentioned above will in one way orRead MoreCyber Security Operations Centre ( Csoc ) Investigates And Analysis Cyber Attacks On Uk Networks1212 Words   |  5 PagesCyber Security Operations Centre (CSOC) investigates and analysis cyber-attacks on UK Networks and provide solutions and means to mitigate future attack. Its job is in cyber forensics and incident response while the Government Computer Emergency Response Team (GovCERT) deals with the public sector organisations on issues relating to computer security incidents, warnings, alerts, assistance and advice to prevent, reduce expose and mitigate attacks. The National Crime Agency formed in Oct 2013 toRead MoreCyber Surveillance And Cyber Security Monitoring1021 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Cyber analytics is a branch of analytics that systematically provides the analysis of the data pertaining to the domain of computers and network. It basically, tells the story behind cyber data. Cyber analytics is used to support computer security, computer or network administration, auditing, and several other application areas.† Implementation Cyber Security Monitoring To perform adaptive cyber-security analytics using a computer implemented method that includes receiving a report on a networkRead MoreImpact Of Legislation On State Of Maryland1210 Words   |  5 Pagesthis paper is to research and evaluate the legislative drivers for information security programs of State of Maryland in order to improve the information security policy to prevent loss of the confidentiality, integrity and availability of agency operations, organizational assets or individuals with new amendments in legislation. This paper elaborates the objectives of five proposals that would impact the information security policy of the State of Maryland upon becoming legislation. State of MarylandRead MoreCyber Security Role For Homeland Security Intelligence1153 Words   |  5 Pagesshown major flaws within the intelligence community. Those events led the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and with it pooled federal agencies into in umbrella for it to be centralized in order to be effective. There are three categories in which the Homeland Security Intelligence face in the 21st century. Those categories are technological, political, and cyber security. In this day in age everything from critical infrastructure, government information to money is being digitalized

Workplace Conflict Resolution Pl Effective And Healthy...

Workplace Conflict Resolution Plan Introduction: Conflict in the workplace is inevitable. Under normal circumstances, the conflict is due to different values, personality, opinions, and goals and needs human outbreak. Workplace seems to establish the value of differences and different points of view, which is what leads to specific conflicts. However, the conflict is not always a bad thing. This may lead to innovative solutions, people with similar views and opinions, it is not possible. The key to a positive work function channeling conflict effectively solve this problem. If the solution properly, conflict may cause personal and professional development, resulting in employees who are more productive. Resolve the conflict is necessary for all types of issue. Under normal circumstances, the host was given the role to help employees resolve conflicts. Hosts can managers, leaders, or specify granted to employees in the organization s role in promoting. The more trained facilitator education about how to resolve the conflict in an effective and healthy lifestyle, the better the results will be. We will discuss the steps, steps on how these issues in the case of the transfer of plots below. In this case, we will solve some of the problems by Emily connection to the family three months ago, she began to do some changes Steps to Resolve Conflict: There are four steps, the host can resolve the conflict in the workplace in accordance withï ¼Å'according to what I read in the article:Show MoreRelatedSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 Pagesand outlook on the worlds as you do? You communicate to learn about the world around you. You can discover your world as it is now, as it was, and as it will be, because you have that uniquely human ability to use symbols-mainly language-for your effective communication. Not only do you find out about current happenings and ideas (as trivial as an order of catsup for your french fries or as complex as international terrorism), but you have available to you information and arguments about events and

Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry Free Essays

6. The common sense of principle that defines the generally observed relationship between demand, supply, and prices: as increases the price goes up, which attracts new suppliers who increase in supply bringing the price back tom normal. However, in the marketing of high price (prestige) goods, such as perfumes, jewellery, watches, Cars, Liquor, a low price may be associated with low quality, and may reduce demand. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Demand is how much desire consumer have for de product or service is available . When demand is great and supply is low the price of a product or service increase when demand is low and supply is great . The price of a product or service decreases. The effect on price is the quantification of supply and demand. Demand in many instances is driven by disposable income and free time. Henry ford recognized this in increasing the wages of his workers and decreasing their work time. 8. Relationship between risk and return The relationship between risk and return is a fundamental financial relationship that affects expected rates of return on every existing asset investment. The Risk-Return relationship is characterized as being a â€Å"positive† or â€Å"direct† relationship meaning that if there are expectations of higher levels of risk associated with a particular investment then greater returns are required as compensation for that higher expected risk. Alternatively, if an investment has relatively lower levels of expected risk then investors are satisfied with relatively lower returns. This risk-return relationship holds for individual investors and business managers. Greater degrees of risk must be compensated for with greater returns on investment. Since investment returns reflects the degree of risk involved with the investment, investors need to be able to determine how much of a return is appropriate for a given level of risk. This process is referred to as â€Å"pricing the risk†. In order to price the risk, we must first be able to measure the risk (or quantify the risk) and then we must be able to decide an appropriate price for the risk we are being asked to bear. How to cite Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry, Essays

Globalizing Managing Employee Performance and Reward

Question: Discuss about the Globalizing Managing Employee Performance and Reward. Answer: Introduction Human resource management is an integral part of the organizational strategy. It is considered as one of the pillar of organizational structure. The success of the organization is highly dependent on human resource department of an organization. It works as a bridge between the organizational authority and organizational employees. Human resource managers possess the capability of influencing organizational performance. Amazon is one of the renowned e-store that provides wide range of products to its consumers. Although, initially it was started as e-book store, recently it deals with cloths accessories and various other products. It is known as a huge profit making business organization. The below mentioned article has concentrated on HR practices of Amazon. Therefore, the relevance of this consultancy report will regard the specific approaches, which will be considered for meeting and analyzing the best solutions and approaches for Human Resources. The study in this report has gone through various aspects of the Human Resource Management. Along with that, the report also discusses about the theoretical aspects used by the company Amazon in their e-commerce business in the HR departments. The report also analyzes the HR tactics and policies applied by the organization Amazon.com. Amazon is one of the established organizations, which deals in e-commercial business. It begun its journey 22 years ago as a small venture in order to accomplish and capitalize on the changing scenario of retail. Amazon.com is essentially an American based organization, which has established the importance of online retailing sector (amazon.com 2017). Established by Jeff Bezos it is one of the most incredible organization, which generally retails in electronic accessories. It is available in numerous countries and is regarded as one of the reputed organization in the e-commercial sector (Varia and Mathew 2014). Essentially, Amazon began as an e-bookstore but later expanded extensively in electronic consumer goods along with several other consumer goods, which is important to consider the valuation of the company. The organization have expanded and over the years have incorporated a range of services and a number of subsidiaries which has integrated the virtual retailing tendencies al ong with the specifications of the current trends. It is one of the valuable assets behind the glorified popularity of the conglomerate among its contemporaries. Owing to its reputation and market valuation Amazon was regarded as the fourth most valuable companies based on a market research of 2016 (Kantor and Streitfeld 2015). This is in coordination with the approaches of the technological improvement as it is mainly in retailing of electronic gadgets. Being a leading business organization, human resource department of Amazon plays a crucial role to influence the growth of the organization. It is hard to securitize the operation of human resource department of Amazon. Strategically utilizing and drawing valuation from the human resource has been one of the best approaches of Amazon. Moreover, according to a survey, the retailing giant has been revealed to have one of the best working environments. The workstation and the culture prevalent in Amazon have been associated with the ef fective collaboration leading to remarkable productivity. The task of executing and practice of human resourcing is considered as one of the integral decision of the organization, which is essentially important for analyzing diverse factors that is responsible for the retention of employees. A few equally significant factors are dependent on the equation and aspects of the organization regarding to the Human Resource Management scenario (Wagner III and Hollenbeck 2014). In this context, it is extremely crucial to understand and comprehend, the best polices about Amazon, which aids in supervising the practices of the Human Resources (Akingbola 2013). Human Resource Approach in Amazon.com The definition of human resourcing entails the hiring and recruiting process that is essential for obtaining the utility of the other resources. The work force and the people are considered as the most functional elements of an organization, therefore it is important to analyze the different opportunities and effectively enforce towards its development (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung 2016). The main ingredient of this important service in recruiting and hiring the best opportunity is the appropriation of the right people at the right place for the right purpose (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The concept of managing and supervising human resource in a more comprehensive and extensive in manner is known as Human Resource Management. According to Akingbola (2013), the basic mission of human resources will always be to acquire, develop, and retain talent; align the workforce with the business; and be an excellent contributor to the business. Those three challenges will never change. According to Purce (2014), the central three constituents of HRM will align effectively with each other which associate the development, acquisitions and retention of the talent. He further asserts that the mission of human resources of any organization will always be to employ means and environment to the resources so that it might yield the excellent result. According to Varia and Matthew (2014), the workforce is one of the valuable assets of the organization as secondary resources depend on the workforce to operate it. The practices of retaining a strong human infrastructure for the organization are apparently one of the central objectives, which aids in regulating and adapting according to the rules and regulations of the management (Shields et al. 2015). The contextual factors of the workforce management are central to strategies of the organization of any kind of organization. It is the specific division of an organization, which deals with the hiring procedures and training work force. Managing and regulating a human resource is extremely necessary for the well-being of an organization. The best and effective way is to obtain the maximum productivity out of the employees (Schuler and Jackson 2014). To obtain the highest efficiency in the most effective way is the principal aim of human resource management. This involves an array of activities such as inspecting different posts, acclimatization and training of the recruited staffs, administering the pay scale and remuneration and other wages. In addition, allowance of incentives, evaluating the performance of the workforce, strategizing according to the requirements of the company, resolving differences among the employees and corresponding with each department of the organization s hould also be taken care of (Van de Ven et al. 2013). HRM is defined as the tool, which is used for the purpose of effective coordination and strategies and workplace scenarios. Strengths and Weaknesses of Best Fit approach The best fit: The model of Best-fit is defined through a keyword of best strategy. It is a strategy based Human Resource Practices, which is essential for the efficient performance and functions of the organization (Amin et al. 2014). The procedure of deploying human resource and the activities related to it intend to facilitate the firm in achieving the desired aim. The notion of best-fit model is involved in some kind of alignment with the reward systems and competitive comprehension. The task of executing and practice of human resourcing is considered as one of the integral decision of the organization, which is essentially important for analyzing several factors that is responsible for the retention of employees (Tyson 2014). A few equally significant factors are dependent on the equation and aspects of the organization in the scenario context of the Human Resource Management (Kantor and Streitfeld 2015). The work force and the people are considered as the most functional elements of an organization, therefore, it is important to analyze the different opportunities and effectively enforce towards its development. The main ingredient of this important service in recruiting and hiring the best opportunity is the appropriation of the most suitable persons at the most appropriate place for the precise purpose (Peccei and Voorde 2014). It has observed by many scholars that the fundamental purpose of human resource management is to obtain, improve and preserve talent in the company. Besides, human resource management also aims the workforce to bring into line with the trade so that they become an outstanding support to the business. The contextual factors of the workforce management are central to strategies of the organization. HRM refers to that definite segment of an enterprise, which operates to hire and train the workforce. Recruitment policies are an inherent part of any organization. It is the process by which employees are recruited in a firm. However the fact, there are a number of relative factors which are central to the maintenance and supervision of the human resource which is one of the prime responsibility of the HRM. Amazon is one of the most preferred organizations to work with as it has been revealed by a poll conducted in order to judge the best of the environment, which is work friendly and enhances the employee retention capacity for the organization. There are some key legislation and policies that regulate the notion of the human resources and in order to make it more effective, organization must be able to adapt practices like Amazon (amazon.com 2017). It employs effectiveness and efficiency by incorporating work systems that are in coordination with the environment of the force. The aspect of the recruitment polices provides a thorough framework involving the legal, social and other conundrums of the specific scenario. The negotiations of resources depends on the ability to account for the cost raised and the employee should be able to find work like balance, therefore it is a two way process that has enabled and stimulated the workplace policies (Renwick, Redman and Maguire 2013). The concept of diversity is an inevitable part considering more acceptances and a wider appeal of diversity issues, which has taken place within some years (Kantor and Streitfeld 2015). Diversity resolvs all kind of discrimination and supports the heterogonous state of recruitment standards. The impact of globalization have been helpful in the sense that it has aided and improved the patterns of diversity and respects the inclusion of talented individual on the table without judging on their color, race, gender and ethnicity. Amazon has a number of women from different parts and caste and the opportunities of third gender community are largely observed in Amazon. Flexibility in regar ds to the involvement of diverse set of employees belonging from different strata is one of the best policy and approach, which is crucial for its operation. It also contributes to the organizational effectiveness and assesses the required scenario and cooperation for different culture that meet. It encourages cross-cultural associations and helps in building a community, which is based on communal harmony and not with any kind of discrimination. In fact, each and every employee is entitled to the same set of values and benefits for being a contributor to the business. Therefore, Amazon observes some of the best diversity policies, which entail the best effort of all-individual and regard it as one of the prime factors for its successful orientation. The policy that focuses on diversity has to evolve accordingly and not stick to the dominations of gender or any specific strata of the society and resource from only one class and adapt rigid practices. This aforementioned model notes the growing competency and empowerment capabilities regarding to excellent performance assessment. The commitment and values of cooperation are transferable in the best practice model framework. These theories are most popular for the incorporation and implementation of human resource practices across several enterprises (Jackson, Schuler and Jiang 2014). Among all these theories, the most suitable practice model worth to be adopted is concrete theory. Therefore, since the hypotheses are pluralist, it is recommended to adopt the best practice. The procedures of best practice model have implications that are followed in the results. It is a more feasible and comfortable method and the implications are comparatively positive. The task of executing and practice of human resourcing is considered as one of the integral decision of the organization, which is essentially important for analyzing diverse factors that is responsible for the retention of employee s (Al Ariss, Cascio and Paauwe 2014). Several equally significant factors are dependent on the equation and aspects of the organization regarding to the state of Human Resource Management. Regardless of various analysis and stock valuation, focusing or catering on the internal factor of human resource have proved to be more helpful for the enhancement and improvement of the business operations. Therefore, executing and adapting to better practices and performance can be resourced on the employees who are centripetal force of the enterprise (Bamberger, Biron and Meshoulam 2014). Essentially, Amazon began as an e-bookstore but later expanded extensively in electronic consumer goods along with several other consumer goods, which is important to consider the valuation of the company. The organization have expanded and over the years have incorporated a range of services and a number of subsidiaries which has integrated the virtual retailing tendencies along with the specifications of th e current trends (Varia and Mathew 2014). PESTEL Analysis and its influence in HR practices The theory of PESTEL analysis consists of the Political, Economic, Social, Technological and Legal factors affecting the work culture, working environment, the motivational approaches by the organization and the human practices for resourcing the operational work in the organization. Political: As per the regulations enforced by the Government of Greece, there should be fixed-term contracts prohibited for the permanent jobs. Along with that, the minimum wage applicable to workers should be around $740.7. The government supports the blue collar workers in the country, hence the organization Amazon needs to follow the strict rules as guided for the job shifts and wage rates (Doingbusiness.org, 2017). Economic: The unemployment rate is 23.50% of the total workforce of the country. Along with that, the portion of the full time employed workers is almost 10 times the part time workers. The labour cost is frequently changing in various industries and hence the various industries use to face issues with the wage rate of the employees. The population of the Greece is around 11 million. Thus, the organization Amazon has the power to recruit good workers form the labour market. However, there are many skilled labours in the industry that can help Amazon to get the best workers in their workforce (Tradingeconomics.com, 2017). Social: In the country Greece, there are various social issues affecting the labour market and the human resource strategies of the companies. Amazon is a major organization in the country operating in the e-commerce sector, use to provide sufficient labour wages, hence the organization use to face less social issues in the organization. Technological: The e-commerce industry in the country is having various growth opportunities due to the advancement of the technological sector in the country. The government of the country also invests in the development of the technological sectors. However, the technological advancement has taken place in the HR department of the various companies also. The companies are getting help in the recruitments through the online websites providing the information of the eligible candidates in the country. Henceforth, the company Amazon has the opportunity to get ease in recruitment processes (Researchleap.com, 2017). Environmental: The country Greece has various environmental issues such as pollution and the health issues among the employees. Though, the organization is not facing such problems in the organization since they use to provide various support to their employees. Legal: The developments in the IT and communication, e-commerce sectors has supported the organizations to employ various policies regarding the wage rates, work hours, job rotations and shift policies. The government of the country has made some strict rules regarding the job rotation, shift timings and the wage rate for the workforces in various organizations working in the e-commerce sector. The policies by government enforce Amazon to maintain a balancing situation in the payment aspects (Doingbusiness.org, 2017). The government policies of working hours are; 6 days of work per week is maximum, night work shift should have the extra wage of 25%, the overtimes should have extra wage of 27.5%. There are also restrictions regarding the weekly holidays in the companies for each and every employees. Recommendation The account of the research purpose is to verify the significance of Human Resource Management exercises, which is considered as one of the most indispensible part of any organizational structure (Boon et al. 2014). The consultancy report will explore and critically analyze the importance of the appropriate Human Resource Practices, which is a significant potent factor aiding in assessment power of the employees as well as the management. The report entails the objectives of a huge conglomerate, Amazon that is responsible for the importance and management of the Human Resource. A number of equally significant factors are dependent on the equation and aspects of the organization respecting the Human Resource Management (Chen and Miller 2015). The task of executing and practice of human resourcing is considered as one of the integral decision of the organization, which is essentially important for analyzing a number of factors that is responsible for the retention of employees. A few equally significant factors are dependent on the equation and aspects of the organization as regards to the Human Resource Management (Gatewood, Field and Barrick 2015). The organizational management must consider all these factors while constructing organizational strategy. Therefore, the relevance of this consultancy report will regard the specific approaches, which will be considered for meeting and analyzing the best solutions and approaches for Human Resources. The concept of managing and supervising human resource in a more comprehensive and extensive in manner is known as Human Resource Management. Besides, human resource management also aims the workforce to bring into line with the trade so that they become an outstanding support to t he business. The practices of retaining a strong human infrastructure for the organization are apparently one of the central objectives, which aids in regulating and adapting according to the rules and regulations of the management (Shields et al. 2015). The contextual factors of the workforce management are central to strategies of the organization. HRM refers to that definite segment of an enterprise, which operates to hire and train the workforce. The figurative approach in the case of aligning with the relative tools of the computation technology is necessarily an important factor in this case which will enable the congruency with the rest of the other features and services of the brand. The design and technology must be feasible for its use and become more users friendly apparently with time (Sangwine and J 2013). The architecture is central as it should be presentable along with the procurement and utilities it promises to serve rather than just a mere tool. Conclusion In addition, allowance of incentives, evaluating the performance of the workforce, strategizing according to the requirements of the company, resolving differences among the employees and corresponding with each department of the organization should also be taken care of. Human Resource Management is defined as the tool, which is used for the purpose of effective coordination and strategies and workplace scenarios. The human resource management of the retail giant firm has maintained and of the superior level that has resulted in the higher level of employee retention in the company. Apart from this, it is also notable how Amazon has successfully been recruiting workforce from across the world to deliver the best possible services. In addition, employee satisfaction is also a significant issue that has been well administered by the policies of the organization. It is available in different countries and is regarded as one of the reputed organization in the e-commercial sector. The in volvement of the cloud computing business of Amazon is one of the best features of the being regarded as the best network service provider (Varia and Mathew 2014). This is extremely crucial to understand and comprehend, the best polices about Amazon, which aids in supervising the practices of the Human Resources. References: Akingbola, K., 2013. A model of strategic nonprofit human resource management.Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,24(1), pp.214-240. Al Ariss, A., Cascio, W.F. and Paauwe, J., 2014. Talent management: Current theories and future research directions.Journal of World Business,49(2), pp.173-179. Amazon.com. (2017). Amazon.com: Amin, M., Khairuzzaman Wan Ismail, W., Zaleha Abdul Rasid, S. and Daverson Andrew Selemani, R., 2014. The impact of human resource management practices on performance: Evidence from a Public University.The TQM Journal,26(2), pp.125-142. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bamberger, P.A., Biron, M. and Meshoulam, I., 2014.Human resource strategy: Formulation, implementation, and impact. Routledge. Boon, C., Belschak, F.D., Den Hartog, D.N. and Pijnenburg, M., 2014. Perceived Human Resource Management Practices.Journal of Personnel Psychology. Chen, M.J. and Miller, D., 2015. Reconceptualizing competitive dynamics: A multidimensional framework.Strategic Management Journal,36(5), pp.758-775. Doingbusiness.org. 2017.Labor Market Regulation in Greece - Doing Business - World Bank Group. [online] Available at: https://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/greece/labor-market-regulation Gatewood, R., Feild, H.S. and Barrick, M., 2015.Human resource selection. Nelson Education. Gupta, M., 2016. AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON FIT BETWEEN STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS STRATEGY.International Journal of Management Research and Reviews,6(2), p.102. Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S. and Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.1-56. Kantor, J. and Streitfeld, D., 2015. Inside Amazon: Wrestling big ideas in a bruising workplace.New York Times,15, pp.74-80. Peccei, R. and Voorde, K.V.D., 2014. Human resource management and performance.Wiley encyclopedia of management. Purce, J., 2014. The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals),67. Renwick, D.W., Redman, T. and Maguire, S., 2013. Green human resource management: A review and research agenda.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(1), pp.1-14. Researchleap.com. 2017. Factors influencing e-commerce development: Implications for the developing countries. [online] Available at: https://researchleap.com/factors-influencing-e-commerce-development-implications-for-the-developing-countries/ Rosemann, M. and vom Brocke, J., 2015. The six core elements of business process management. InHandbook on business process management 1(pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Schuler, R. and E. Jackson, S., 2014. Human resource management and organizational effectiveness: yesterday and today.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance,1(1), pp.35-55. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., Robinson, J., O'Leary, P. and Plimmer, G., 2015.Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Tradingeconomics.com. 2017.Greece Average Monthly Salary | 2002-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/greece/wages Tyson, S., 2014.Essentials of human resource management. Routledge. Van de Ven, A.H., Ganco, M. and Hinings, C.R., 2013. Returning to the frontier of contingency theory of organizational and institutional designs.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), pp.393-440. Varia, J. and Mathew, S., 2014. Overview of amazon web services.Amazon Web Services. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge.

Elizabethan Theater Essay Example

Elizabethan Theater Paper The Elizabethan Theater opened up the world of writing with great writers like William Shakespeare and gave them a better chance in the world by giving them high class jobs, while still letting everyone, upper or lower class, come and enjoy the play. During this time period, there were two types of theatrical performances that were available for the peoples viewing, comedies or tragedies. These two genres w ere never really intertwined until the time of William Shakespeare. They were often called Tara comedies which, Usually have improbable and complex plots; characters of high social class; c entrants between villainy and virtue; love of different kinds at their centre; a hero who is saved a t the last minute after a touching go experience; surprises and treachery. (No Sweat Shapes rare) The Merchant of Venice can be seen as a tragicomedy. It has a comic structure but one of the central characters, Shylock, looks very much like a tragic character. The play has a co med ending with the lovers pairing off but we are left with taste in the mouth of the ordeal of S hollyhock, destroyed by a combination of his own faults and the persecution of the lovers who ere y that happy ending. The feeling at the end of the play is neither joy nor misery. The plan) as a decidedly comic structure but there is also a powerful tragic story. It can therefore be Lied a Sweat Shakespeare) It opened the world of literature to whole new genre. It was also during Shakespearean time that writers were finally acknowledge by the people. We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Theater specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Theater specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabethan Theater specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Before this time, writers were not considered upperclassmen. Shasta pear was not the only famous playwright. Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Decker, John Fletcher and Francis Beaumont. Had Marlowe not been stabbed in a tavern brawl, says Anthony urges, he might have rivaled Shakespeare himself for his poetic gifts. (Wisped) Writers v re given a bigger chance in the world which gave more opportunities for them to expo. S themselves through writing. Actors were another group of people rising into a higher social because of theater. As expressed by Shakespeare Globe, The life of an actor changed aromatically during Shakespearean lifetime. At first actors toured in companies, traveling the cool try to perform in towns and cities and in private homes. By the time Shakespeare died, London( had several armament theatres where the actors performed, drawing in huge audience (Shakespearean Globe) Actresses were not present in plays at this time because women we not allowed on stage. It was considered unladylike to be a female actor. Men played all the arts. The theater finally got the recognition it deserved. The theaters that the plays were performed in were open to the public hi( encouraged all people to come and watch. The theaters the plays were performed in we great for people who sat in the back because the stage was lit well. The theaters that actors reformed in were flosses so that the sun could be used as lighting. Theatrical shows were he in the afternoon because it provided the best amount of light for the show. (Play Shakeups e) When the people gathered into the theater, the different classes Of people were separate De by where they could afford to sit and watch the show. The lower clansmen were situated on t he bare earth where it was dirty and smelly because it was never cleaned. The owners of the theta errs found it less expensive if they did not keep high maintenance of their establishments. High ere clansmen sat ender a roof and for a penny more, they could buy cushions for their seats. T here was tons of space too, By 1600 London theatres, like the Globe, could take up to 3000 pee people for the most popular plays (Shakespearean Globe) Everyone could see the plays from the peasants, knob less, to even king and queens if they wished. A time when the foundation of the entertainment industry built, Elizabethan t heater progressed from the Elizabethan Era. Writers and actors both rose into higher society. Writers Were acknowledged for their works and actors for their ability to entertain.

Petroleum Segment of the Energy Infrastructure

Petroleum Segment of the Energy Infrastructure Introduction Petroleum products are used in different sectors as energy and raw materials for various industries. According to Leffler and Raymond (2006), oil is one of the most important commodities in the world market. It has a massive impact on other sectors of the economy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Petroleum Segment of the Energy Infrastructure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the 19th and 20th centuries, the United States was the leading producer of oil in the world. It has since been surpassed by Saudi Arabia and Russia in production of oil. However, the government has been committing a lot of investment in this sector. The federal government has been keen to develop the infrastructure in the energy sector in order to boost production of energy. Although other units in the energy sector ,such as hydro, geothermal and wind energy power, have been given focus, attention has always been on the pe troleum sector. The United States has been willing to ensure that it has increased the volume of petroleum products that it produced. This has seen it improve the infrastructure in this sector to great extents. Recent studies show that the United States has the capacity of becoming the leading oil producer in the world based on the oil reserves that have been identified in the recent past. The focus of this study will be to bring an understanding of how oil exploration, production, storage, transport, and refinement take place. Exploration Oil exploration is one of the most complex and very expensive processes in petroleum production. Parkash (2003) defines petroleum exploration as, â€Å"The search by petroleum geologists and geophysicists for hydrocarbons deposits beneath the Earths surface, such as oil and natural gas.† This process involves different complex processes that would help in determining the presence of oil in a given region.Advertising Looking for rese arch paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the United States, oil exploration has evolved over the years, from the use of a simple tool to tap petroleum products that were near the surface to complex processes that can help determine the presence of oil in the deep seas. The cost of oil exploration has been the main hindrance to small scale oil exploration in the country. Oil exploration can take place at onshore or offshore sites. Some of the traditional ways of determining the presence of oil is the detection of oil or natural gas seeps on the surface of the earth. These are the crucial leads to many oil explorers. According to Parkash (2003), although there are currently many sophisticated tools that are used to detect the presence of petroleum, the seeps still act as crucial leads to the possibility of oil exploration beneath the ground. Exploration geophysics has been one of the most importa nt tools that are currently used to identify the presence of hydrocarbons deposit. As a result of the massive cost of drilling oil wells, there has been an increasing need to confirm that there is a substantial amount of oil in a given region before drilling of the wells can begin. Technological advancement has helped develop some tools that can assist in confirming that the amount of oil detected is worth exploring. This means that when a region is suspected to have oil deposits, it will be subjected to a series of sub-surface geological analyses. The first stage is always to subject the area to gravity survey. Special tools are used at this stage to determine how gravitational force is affected in that particular area. Significant presence of oil deposits would have an effect on the gravitational force, a fact that could point to the presence of oil. However, presence of ground water may have a similar effect, and this means that a further analysis is needed.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Petroleum Segment of the Energy Infrastructure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second stage will be magnetic survey. This is used to determine if the gravitational effect is caused by water or deposits of hydrocarbons. Magnetometer is used at this stage. The next stage would be to conduct a passive seismic survey. Parkash (2003) says, â€Å"Passive seismic is the detection of the natural low frequency earth movements, usually with the purpose of discerning the geological structure and locate the underground oil, gas, or other resources.† The natural frequency would be measured by close observation of seismic waves with the help of portable seismometers. Below is a picture of seismometer used in monitoring the flow of seismic waves. Seismometer When all these processes give a lead to a possible presence of oil in a given location, then it would be considered worth drilling an explorat ion well that would be the final test that a given region has potential oil deposits. In the United States, oil explorations have been extensively conducted in Georgia, Virginia, Ohio, New York, Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, and many other states in this country.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Offshore exploration, especially in the deep sea, has also been conducted to supplement the supplies found onshore. Although very expensive, offshore oil drilling is currently becoming very popular, especially among large American corporations. Production Petroleum production, also known as oil extraction, is the actual process of extracting usable petroleum from the earth. Upon a successful completion of the exploration process, the next step is always the extraction. This is another very costly process that involves numerous risks. It has been a preserve for the large specialized companies, such as Bio Tech Inc., that have been very successful in most of the oil fields in Texas. The first stage in oil extraction involves drilling of oil well at the site using oil rings. A steel pipe is then placed into the bore to enable the oil to move easily to the surface. At the top end of the pipe, there are collection valves, also known as Christmas Tree (Leffler, Pattarozzi and Sterling 201 1). It helps in controlling the flow and regulating the pressure. The figure below is Pump jack used in the extraction process. According to Zou (2013), oil extraction takes place in three main stages. The first, also known as the primary recovery stage, takes place when natural mechanisms are used to extract oil deposits into the surface. At this stage, such natural occurrences as displacement of oil by water and gravitational forces would help in the extraction of oil from the ground. This always takes place in cases where there are large deposits of oil. This stage is common in newly drilled wells. The second stage, also known as the secondary recovery stage, takes place when the natural forces become too weak to support the extraction process. This is common in cases where the extraction process has been ongoing for some time. The process involves supplying external energy into the reservoir in order to force oil deposits into the system. Totten (2003) notes that gas lifts are always used to inject carbon dioxide into the reservoir to help in forcing oil products into the drilling pipe. The third stage known as tertiary recovery is a complex process that uses different approaches to extract oil from the ground. Also known as thermally enhanced oil recovery process, this stage uses steam injection and fire flooding in order to extract oil from the ground. Sometimes it even becomes necessary to convert oil into electrical energy to further enhance the extraction process. The ultimate amount of oil that can be extracted from a given location depends on a number of factors. According to Parkash (2003), the most important factor that determines the amount of oil that can be extracted from a given area is the level of oil deposits. Large oil deposits would yield higher amounts of oil. Another important factor is the permeability of the rocks. Some rocks do not allow for a smooth flow of oil because they are tight. Such rocks inhibit the rate at which oil can be extracted from them. Finally, the technology used and the level of skills of the workforce will play some part in determining the amount and rate at which oil is extracted from the ground. Most of the oil extracting companies in the United States are known to use sophisticated tools in order to improve the speed and amount of oil extracted from the ground. This has helped them increase the efficiency of the entire process. Storage When petroleum products have been extracted from the ground, they must be temporarily stored before they are transported to the refinery plants. According to Parkash (2003), storage of petroleum products can be analyzed from two perspectives. The first perspective will analyze the storage process of the crude oil just before it is transported to refinery plants. The second perspective will be the storage of the processed products that are waiting for transportation to various retailing destinations. Storage of oil always takes place within a short while a s it awaits its transportation to the relevant destinations. Storage of crude oil may take place onshore or offshore. The approach taken to store oil extracted onshore is different from the approach taken to store that which is extracted offshore. Onshore crude oil storage is a simpler process that makes use of large cylindrical tanks constructed above or below the surface. The size of the tanks will depend on the amount of oil that is extracted per unit time, and the speed of the transportation system. It is important to ensure that the storage tanks are of the standard materials because any leakage of the crude oil may have a devastating effect on the environment. Several government agencies and environmental organizations have developed requirements that should be followed when designing such tanks. This is meant to enhance environmental protection and security of the employees and infrastructure within the plant or its surrounding. The petroleum products extracted offshore are a lways stored with the help of floating production, storage and offloading unit (Zou 2013). This is a complex unit that does not only help in the production process but also in its storage while it awaits tankers that would be used in the transportation process. The figure below shows the unit on high seas. When the crude oil has been processed into such products as liquid petroleum gas, petrol, kerosene, or heavy fuels, temporary storage of these products is needed before they can be transported to the market. Storage of these final products is a very complex process that requires a high level of safety measures. Liquid petroleum gas and petrol are highly flammable products, and their storage at the refinery plants needs specialized equipment. According to Leffler (2008), emerging technologies have helped improvise storage equipment that is efficient in storing refined petroleum products. Transport Transportation is the nest stage in this process. Transportation of petroleum produc ts always takes place with the help of pipelines, tank trucks, marine vessels, rail tanks, and many other vessels. Although crude oil is majorly transported using pipelines and tankers, the refined products require unique transport systems that take into consideration their true nature. For instance, the transport method used for liquid petroleum gas may not be appropriate when transporting heavy fuels, such as diesel. Each product has its own unique transportation vessel to enhance safety of the people handling the products, the society, and the environment. Transportation of gasoline must be done through specialized pipelines, tanks, and such other containers that will restrict its exposure to the air. This is so because the product is highly flammable and can have devastating effects when exposed to air and flame. Liquid petroleum gas is stored and transported at temperatures below -162 degrees centigrade. This helps ensure that the product remains in a liquid state. The main adv antage of liquefaction of the product is that it consumes a smaller space than when stored in a gaseous form. This helps in storing and transportation of a large amount of the gaseous energy in a small container. This also reduces the possibility of the product to evaporate from the containers. The transportation equipment must have the ability to maintain the temperatures of the product at low temperatures to avoid the possibility of transformation into gas. If the product turns into gaseous form, it can cause a massive explosion as it will be trying to force its way out of the container. Large tankers have been widely used in the transportation of liquefied petroleum gas in the mainland. The figure below shows a large track used to transport LPG from the refinery to various consumer outlets in the United States. In the United States, pipelines have been popular when transporting petrol and other heavy fuels, such as diesel and kerosene. Pipelines are efficient because of their sp eed and cost-effectiveness. This eliminates the need for large tank tracks that are associated with more labor cost, raised negative effect on the environment, destruction of roads, and increased rates of the traffic jam. However, it needs close monitoring and evaluation to ensure that any leakage is detected and corrected before it can cause negative effects on the environment. Some of the widely used pipelines include flow lines, gathering and feeder lines, crude trunk lines, and petroleum product trunk lines (Leffler, Pattarozzi and Sterling 2011). Other heavy products, such as bitumen are transported in sizable drums. Refinement and distribution of oil throughout the U.S Refinery of petroleum products is a complex process that involves a series of activities within the refinery plant. Zou (2013) defines refinery process as, â€Å"A series of chemical engineering processes that are used to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline o r petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.† The scholar says that the processes that take place during the refinery are so complex that it may not be easy to describe them in a layman’s language. However, the process can be summarized into some of the general stages that crude oil is subjected to before it can produce the desired products. The figure below is a simple diagrammatic representation of what takes place in a refinery plant. As shown in the diagram, crude oil is a combination of several products that are needed in various sectors to provide energy. In the refinery plant, crude oil is poured into a large boiler. The boiler is connected to a distillation chamber as shown in the above diagram. The boiler is superheated, forcing its content into the distillation column. At this distillation column, different products will be obtained based on their boiling points in a process known as fractional distillation. Light petroleum products, such as liquid petroleum gas, will be collected first because of their low boiling points. Gasoline and kerosene will follow. Heavy petroleum products, such as asphalt, would come out of the distillation chamber last. Although the diagram shows a simple process, the actual refinery process is complex and involves the use of a series of machines. Some of the leading oil refinery plants in the United States include Cherry Point in Washington, Whiting in Indiana, Toledo in Ohio, Cooper River, Texas City in Texas, and Decatur in Alaska. These products are then sold to some of the major distributors of petroleum products using the above mentioned transport methods. These distributors will make the products available by any appropriate means. Security measures in place to ensure safety of the oil sector Oil sector is the backbone of all other industries in the American economy. Accidents in this sector or acts of terrorism targeted towards it may have devastating effects. For this reason, security meas ures are crucial to ensure that this sector operates without any threat of accidents or terrorist actions. Measures and codes of conduct have been put in place to enhance security and safety of this sector. These measures were under review, especially after the Texas City Refinery explosion in 2005. The diagram below shows the massive destruction that was caused by this explosion. Fifteen people died while over 170 others sustained serious injuries. The security measures define the standards and codes of conduct that should be observed in all the stages defined. According to Mora and Cooney (2007), dangers in this sector begin during the exploration process, to the time the product is finally consumed. Government bodies have set standards that seek to ensure that exploration is done in a way that does not expose dangers to the environment. The policies define tools that should be used in the exploration and drilling processes. The recent deep sea oil spillage involving BP is a clea r indication of dangers that may occur when these policies are ignored. At the refinery plant, there are guidelines that define the infrastructure to be used and code that must be followed during the processing of the products. The government has also established tough laws to regulate the transportation of these products, such as the Safety Standards for Conveyers and Related Equipment. Conclusion Petroleum products are very important to many sectors of the economy because they offer the energy needed to drive various machines and instruments. The process of coming up with these products is very complex. It starts with the exploration, extraction, transport, refinery, storage, and finally distribution to various outlets within the country and in other overseas markets. References Leffler, W. L. (2008). Petroleum refining in nontechnical language. Tulsa, Okla: PennWell. Leffler, W. L., Pattarozzi, R., Sterling, G. (2011). Deepwater petroleum exploration production: A nontechnical guide. Tulsa, Okla: PennWell Corp. Leffler, W. L., Raymond, M. (2006). Oil and gas production in nontechnical language. Tulsa, Okla: PennWell Corp. Mora, F. O., Cooney, J. W. (2007). Paraguay and the United States: Distant allies. Athens [u.a.: Univ. of Georgia Press. Parkash, S. (2003). Refining processes handbook. Amsterdam: Gulf Professional Pub. Totten, G. E. (2003). Fuels and lubricants handbook: Technology, properties, performance, and testing. West Conshohocken, Pa: ASTM International. Zou, C. (2013). Volcanic reservoirs in petroleum exploration. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

The Theme of Clothing in Shakespeare's Cymbeline Essay

The Theme of Clothing in Shakespeare's Cymbeline - Essay Example After putting on Posthumus’ clothes in a futile attempt to lure his wife, Cloten declares â€Å"How fit his garments serve me! Why should his mistress, who was made by him that made the tailor, not be fit to?† (4.1 1-4), he underlines the importance of one of Shakespeare’s primary themes in Cymbeline: clothing.Cloten’s continuous comparison of the tailor to a creator, most likely a rude joke about Posthumus, points to the complexity ingrained in Shakespeare’s portrayal of clothing, disguise, and costume. Out rightly, the demureness of the play is founded on several fronts. In some cases it can be found within the language used by the characters, bringing out the significance of clothing to symbolize status. In other cases, such as is the case with Imogen’s anger towards Clotenor Posthumus’s changing commitments on the battle front, a character’s dress outwardly displays the characters personalities and manipulates their actions. At points in the play, misleading masquerades move characters to rage and violence.Examples of this are Posthumus’s decision to have Imogen murdered and Cloten’s plan to rape Imogen, in other instances it allows them to see things more clearly as is the case with the battle episodes. The changing of clothes socially derogates characters and moves them towards improved self-awareness and self-fulfillment, most importantly, disguise appears as a not so shrouding cloak that, while concealing the identity of the characters, fails to mask their actual natures. Clothing and disguise function as a way for the characters to conceal and simultaneously reveal themselves to the audience. The frequency of language pertaining to garments is an obviousindication of the significance that clothing has in illustrating the themes of the play. Even before the introduction of disguises, Imogen ridicules Cloten with statements and metaphors relating to clothing. After Cloten intently seek s audience with Imogen by banging on her door, and consequently referring to himself as a gentleman, a Lady declares â€Å"That’s more/Than some whose tailors are as dear as yours Can justly boast of† (2.3 77-79). This part of the play illustrates the uselessness of Cloten’s character, this is quite apparent from the mockery he receives from the servant of Imogen’s court. By deriding his garb, the woman servant challenges Cloten’s ego and his hard held sense of entitlement. Cloten’s response is as scathing, and he chooses to further the clothing debate by drawing a comparison between dress and character, referring to Posthumus as â€Å"A hilding for a livery, a squire’s cloth/A pantler-not so eminent â€Å" (1. 120-121).Cloten, who is widely seen and referred to as an idiot, shows he is not without wit and possesses some skill in rhetoric, if not virtue, by redirecting the servant woman’s debate and continuing to make a point on Posthumus’ apparent insufficiency for the future throne. Imogen, however, seems to close this debate by furthering the metaphorical comparison on garments to include an abstract example, she holds that Posthumus’ â€Å"Meanest garment†¦is dearer in my respect than all the hairs above thee† (2.3 133-135). In conclusion, Imogen alters the discussion of clothing to oust Cloten. At the end of the scene, it becomes apparent that

UK renewable resources and policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

UK renewable resources and policy - Essay Example It accelerates the distribution of onshore wind with the magnificent projects in Europe under the construction in Scotland and Wales. Renewable energy emanates from the solar energy especially the sun or other sources. Renewable resources in developed countries subsidize the cost of electricity because if well stored they can be used for an extended period, cheaply. Leading producers of renewable energy, the production of renewable energy in the UK occurs in several ways. Fundamentally, several schemes provide the financial support for renewable. The main reason is that renewable technologies are more expensive to build than conventional ones. Wind power in the UK is strategically located, with some of the favorable conditions such as the existence of high-speed winds. The country has strategic wind farms where UK sources its energy and anticipates expansion in the future. Biomass is from any living thing as well as from materials such as biodegradable waste, food waste, and animal manure. Biomass creates the anaerobic digestion process making a biogas used as electricity and heat generation. It is combustible, therefore, supports thermal power, and heat generation, and can be refined to become methane and injected into the gas grid (Dauncey, 2009). Wind energy is the most harnessed source of power promoted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Wind energy contributes significantly to the UK’s energy supplement, with an output of 15.5 TWH in 2011, equal to annual electricity demand of 4.7 million homes. The wind turbines are traditionally located onshore while installed offshore. The wind installation varies from large commercial wind farms to smaller developments. It is more convenient to generate power for household or community. A single 2.5MW wind turbine produces enough electricity to meet the requirements of most individual (Garche 2014, p. 138). The hydroelectric power

Invisibility And Blindness African American Novels English Literature Essay

Invisibility And Blindness African American Novels English Literature Essay Blindness and Invisibility are major topic in African American novels published in the 20th century, but often not a physical but rather psychological blindness is meant by this. It is about what the inner eye sees through the physical ones. Blindness in African American novels is often perceived to be ignorance towards black people, but we will find cases where it is the other way round. Ignorance refers to the fact that people refuse to recognize people and to notice their individuality. The two novels to be analyzed are Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison. In both novels, we find physical as well as psychological blindness. By having a look at these aspects, the thesis that sight and blindness are central topics in the novels can be proven. The paper will analyze both forms of blindness in the novels. In doing so, also physical blindness and eye metaphors will be analyzed. Add Brother Jack The reader encounters Brother Jacks blindness quite late in the novel. On page 381, he Because of the fact that he has only one blind eye, he managed to stay independent. He does not need to rely completely on other peoples eyes as he has one that works. To begin with, one should first have a look at the physical blindness in the two novels. The blind character in Wights work is Mrs. Dalton and in Invisible Man it is Reverend A. Barbee. Both characters can be considered to have a symbolic meaning in the novels. They represent the real blindness and contrast it with people who are able to see with their eyes but obtain psychological blindness. Rev. Barbee is a completely blind person and he tries to hide this by wearing dark glasses during his service. In case somebody did not know he was unable to see, it would be hard to notice it. The Invisible Man and the other people sitting in the audience only notice it because he fell down and lost his glasses (Ellison 113). As a blind person, he has to rely completely on what other people tell him about the world. Because of the fact that he is so dependent on other people, he trusts or rather has to trust other people more. This trust makes him vulnerable. For examples, he believes Bledsoe t o be honest when he tells Barbee that he is going to preach to black college students only. This brings the Reverend in an embarrassing situation, as he talks about the black identity, the integration of the black people and calls the audience daughters and granddaughters, sons and grandsons, of slaves (101). It seems as if Bledsoe only uses Barbee to impress guests and not because Bledsoe likes Barbee and the way he preaches. Due to his inability to see the reality, he flees into his ideal world of religion and feels comfortable under the protection of God. Now the physical blindness of Mrs. Dalton will be analyzed. She is the only character who really is blind and therefore represents the real blindness in the book. As she is not able to see, she depends on other people telling her how the world and its people look like. The fact that she relies on other people telling her how to perceive her surroundings leads to the fact that she gets influenced by them and their prejudices. For example, she is not capable to see that Biggers skin color is different and this is the reason why she should not treat him differently. Nevertheless, she does so because the people in her environment constantly tell her that he is a black, poor guy who needs their support and needs a job to improve his conditions in life. One could argue that she is not only physically, but also psychologically blinded by prejudices because he environment makes her to act like this. In contrast to her husband, she will never be able to see again and to get rid of prejudices. She will always have to rely on other peoples opinions and on their eyes. In case her husband never opens his eyes and starts to see Bigger (and everyone who is like him) as an individual, Mrs. Dalton will always stay in his situation. The next section of the paper is concerned with psychological blindness. In the first part of it, eye metaphors found in Ellisons novel will be analyzed to prove that there are a lot of allusions made to the human eye. The second part of it deals with blindness and invisibility in Native Son. In the following three metaphors that are concerned with the eye are presented. Ellison used these metaphors as a tool to remind the reader that the bock is about sight and blindness. We find a lot of these reminders throughout the whole novel. The first one that can be found in the novel is in the scene of the battle royal. The black men that fight against each other have to wear blindfolds, which make them unable to see their surroundings. The boys fighting in the ring are not only physically blind, but also emotionally. They do not feel how the white people sitting in the outside of the ring are amused by them and how their reactions are. They do not see that they are only used to entertain t hem and that there will be no gold or other rewards waiting for them after the battle. They are blinded what the white people told them and they are also so blinded that they do not wonder about the gold bars being under electric power. In contrast to the black people fighting in the ring, the whites watching them also seem to be blinded, as they are not able to recognize the humanity and individuality of the fighters. Even though the audience and the fighters have very different roles in this scene, there seems to be a similarity between the two groups. They are both blind. Although there is the ring between them, there is blindness on both sides of the ring. The next metaphor I want to refer to can be found in the hospital scene, in which the Invisible Man wakes up after an accident in the paint factory. When he first opens his eyes, he feels very dizzy and describes his first sights as follows: sitting in a cold, white rigid chair and a man was looking at [him] out of a bright th ird eye that glowed from the centre of his forehead (188 Penguin). The narrator is too confused and too dizzy to notice that the third eye he is talking about is a simple stethoscope. After the man has gone out of the room, the narrator still seems to feel the presence of the third eye: the bright eye still burning into [his] (189 Penguin). This symbolizes the importance of the third eye to the Invisible Man because he takes its presence and its impact on him very serious. Nonetheless, the narrator does not know what to do with this experience and does not know what to think of it. He seems very confused. It seems as if the narrator feels to be observed by the third eye. During the scene in which he gets the electric shocks, we can notice a lot of other words that refer to the topic of sight or eyes. On page 190 (penguin), he sees a circle of light and a woman with gold nose glasses. In addition to this, he sees someone that looks at the Invisible Man with eyes behind the thick glas ses blinking as though noticing [him] for the first time (190 penguin). All this refers to the narrators feeling of being watched steadily. The third and last metaphor to be mentioned here is that of the dark sunglasses. When the narrator disguises with some new clothes to flee from Ras the Exhorter, he buys dark sunglasses to hide himself. They are so dark that he cannot see properly. Thus, the sunglasses do not only make him invisible, but also change his own view of the world, as he sees it as this: the streets swarmed in a green vagueness (388 Penguin) and faces were a mysterious blur (389 Penguin). The new sunglasses have two functions in his life: In the first place, they provide him protection, as nobody can recognize him (one woman even thinks he is Rinehart). In the second place, they provide him with blindness, which prevents him from seeing the real world. Another aspect that points to the importance of blindness in Invisible Man is the fact that some names of the characters make allusions to blindness. The reader is consciously or unconsciously aware of them, but it is clear that it contributes to the overall shape of the book. One of these characters is Reverend Homer A. Barbee. His name alludes to blindness, as Homer, a Greek poet, was blind as well. It is believed that the name Homer came from the Greek ho mÄâ€Å" horÃ…Â n, which means the person who does not see. His surname Barbee can be linked to the famous Barbie doll, which was launched on the market a couple of years before the novel was published. The doll represented an ideal world in which little girls flee, similar to Barbees ideal world of religion. Another aspect that might be comparable is the fact that the Barbie doll spread as successful through the world as once Christianity did. In the next chapter I would like to focus on the psychological blindness in Wrights Native Son. Biggers own blindness and the blindness of the people in his environment should be analyzed. Psychological blindness arises a lot of problems in the characters lives. Having a look at Biggers blindness, there are several hints in the novel which propose that is unable to see clearly and thus suffers from a lack of reality. In the very beginning of the novel, the author makes an illusion to physical blindness because Bigger is rubbing his eyes (Wright 7). In a this state, when you have just woken up and cannot see clearly, a person is almost blind and also thinking is not that easy. No matter what Bigger does in the next moment after waking up, this action will be very unconscious or even intuitively, because he cannot see properly nor is he able to think about his behavior. He can only act like an animal and is blind to his environment. A similar scene is that in which Bigger threatens his friend Gus, holding a knife in his hand. Wright describes his eyes as bloodshot (40), which leads to the fact that his sight cannot be clear. A lot of other scenes can be found, in which Biggers sight seems to be disturbed. When he find himself in Marys bedroom, he feels blinded by the hazy blue light (85) and his eyes are out of focus and thus unable to perceive reality in any clear way. In the moment when Mrs. Dalton enters the room, Bigger only perceives her as a white blur (84). Also, Wright mentions that reality of it all slipped from him (222). His loss of reality and his inability to see and think properly could be an explanation for the murders of Mary and Bessie. Bigger could have been to recognize that Mrs. Dalton is already unable to see him and just be silent until she leaves the room. Instead, Bigger killed Mary. He could have easily escaped from the situation. Also, he did not understand in advance that the murder of Bessie can make his whole situation even worse than improving it. His inability to see can be made responsible for the fact that he could not think clearly and was blinded by his surroundings. He is too blind to realize what he is actually doing and what these actions mean. The reader has to understand that in the case of Bigger, real blindness and the psychological one are more connected that expected. Biggers physical blindness leads to his psychological one. Now we are going to have a look at the people in Biggers surrounding, which all refuse to see him as an individual. Mary is the first character to be analyzed in this section. She grew up in rich family, where she never had problems and always got what she wants. She does not know anything about the world outside of her ideal world. This is the reason why she is blind towards everything outside her little world and this makes it impossible for her to understand Bigger. Her unawareness of the world is also displayed in the scene where she wants to see a real place (69), where only Black people are. She always says that she is interested to see how they (the African Americans) live, but in fact she is unable to understand anything because she is so much blinded by her family. Bessie, Biggers girlfriend, brings herself into a blind position as she flees reality by drinking a lot of alcohol. By doing this, she cannot judge anymore what is right and wrong and she also not capable anymore to understand Bigger and to notice his individuality. This is the reason why he feels misunderstood. She also does not recognize that Bigger does not really love her but only uses her for his own pleasure. Biggers mother does not use alcohol, but religion and prayers to flee reality. If there is a problem, she simply praises the Lord. She is unwilling to accept that her innocent son is a murder and only prays to God, thinking that this is the only way somebody could help her son. Thus, she is not only blinded by her religion, but also by the love a mother has for her child. Even after Bigger admitted his crime she does not want to believe it. Jan and Boris May are blinded by their communist views and their goal to convince black people of its benefits. They see in Bigger only a poor boy that never really had a chance in life. In their feelings towards Bigger, there is also a lot of sympathy involved. The same could be said for the Daltons, who feels a lot of sympathy for Bigger and try to give him a chance to improve his life. For the media Bigger represents a monster. They are blinded and driven by their prejudice that black men like to rape white girls and accuse him of this crime, even though there is no real evidence for it. In sum, I can say that not only Mrs. Dalton, but a lot of other characters of Wrights Native Son were blind. They just see the stereotype of a poor American boy and not the personality that hides behind the surface. He turns into somebody that does not exist for his surroundings and thus he is invisible. One could say that the blindness that other characters have towards him leads to the fact that he is invisible. This thesis can also be applied to Ellisons Invisible Man. Although the title already suggests that the main character is invisible, it can also be deduced from its content. The Invisible Man is invisible because the people surrounding him treat him like he was not there; as if he did not exist at all. They do not care about his feelings and do not notice his individuality. For example, the Brotherhood only tries to use him for their own purposes, ignoring his own interests. In conclusion, it can be said that the human ability to see or not to see is a major topic in the two novels, as there can be found a lot of metaphors and allusions towards the characters eyes. One could even say that blindness guides the reader like a red line through the novels. The allusions made by the authors constantly remind the reader of the importance of seeing. The reader has to keep in mind that blindness can be understood in different ways. The most obvious meaning is physical blindness, which is represented by Mrs. Dalton in Native Son, and Rev. Barbee in Invisible Man. Their blindness can be transferred to other character in the novel and make them blind, too. For example, Mrs. Dalton is unable to see Bigger, not only literally, but also metaphorically, as she cannot see his individuality and his character. She is blinded by prejudices. This makes Bigger invisible for her and for many other people who are influenced by these prejudices. The psychological meaning of blin dness can be split up into an internal and external blindness. This means that a character can be blind himself (e.g. as Bigger who loses his sense of reality or Mrs. Dalton, who is really blind) or s/he can become blind or invisible for other people.